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One or more of the following:

• 0.50 mL EDTA whole blood or heparinized blood
• 5 g fresh liver
• 50 mg fresh liver biopsy (at least 3 Tru-Cut samples, no fluid added)
• 500 g feed
• 5 mL water

For birds, 0.30 mL EDTA whole blood is adequate.

Blood, serum, and urine samples are tested on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays with a turnaround time of 7 days. Tissue and feed samples are tested on Mondays and Thursdays with a turnaround time of 10 days.

One or more of the following*: 

• both 0.5 mL EDTA whole blood and 1 mL serum (both sample types are required)
• 5 g fresh liver
• 0 mg fresh liver biopsy (approx. 3 Tru-Cut samples, no fluid added)
• 500 g feed

For birds, 0.6 mL EDTA or heparinized whole blood is adequate.

*Serum selenium provides current day levels, while whole blood selenium indicates selenium status over a longer period of time. TVMDL can interpret both serum and whole blood selenium concentrations for cattle, horses, sheep, birds or white-tailed deer. For goats, TVMDL has reference values for serum or plasma only.

Blood, serum, and urine samples are tested on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays with a turnaround time of 7 days. Tissue and feed samples are tested on Mondays and Thursdays with a turnaround time of 10 days.